The Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Comprehensive) was approved for construction by the Department of Science and Education of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs in 2017, and passed the evaluation of the trial operation period in 2018, as a comprehensive Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Breeding and Reproduction Discipline Group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, relying on the Institute of Animal Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

The laboratory has built national breeding farms for Peking duck and Peking oil chicken, and the National Center for Genetic Evaluation of Beef Cattle and other platforms. It mainly conducts research on genetic basis and molecular breeding technology of important economic traits of livestock and poultry, conservation of animal genetic resources, genetic resource discovery and functional identification, animal breeding technology and transgenic germplasm innovation, and breeding and localization of livestock and poultry breeds.

The laboratory consists of nine innovation teams of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, which are the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Livestock and Poultry Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Waterfowl Breeding and Nutrition, the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Chicken Genetic Breeding, the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Laying Hen and Pigeon Genetic Breeding, the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Pig Genetic Breeding, the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Cattle Genetic Breeding, the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Meat Sheep Genetic Breeding, the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Animal Genetic Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, the Science and Technology Innovation Team of Livestock Embryo Engineering and Breeding. The laboratory has 55 official staffs, 38 senior titles, 2 chief scientists of modern agricultural industrial technology system, 6 post scientists, 1 recipient of the national outstanding youth fund, and 4 young talents of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.